European statistical agency Eurostat reported on Thursday that total gross domestic product across all European Union member states reached 18.8 trillion euros in 2025. Germany retained its position as the largest economy in the European Union with a gross domestic product of 4.47 trillion euros.
France ranked second with 2.99 trillion euros, followed by Italy at 2.26 trillion euros, Spain at 1.69 trillion euros, and the Netherlands at 1.17 trillion euros. Together, Germany, France, and Italy accounted for half of the combined economy of the European Union. Germany represented 23.8 percent of the total, France generated 15.8 percent, and Italy accounted for 12 percent.
Poland placed immediately after the Netherlands, strengthening its position among the largest economies in the bloc. Malta recorded the smallest economy in the European Union, making up 0.1 percent of the total figure. Cyprus, Estonia, and Latvia followed closely, with each country accounting for 0.2 percent of total European Union gross domestic product.
Per capita GDP and purchasing power
The ranking shifts when measuring gross domestic product per capita based on purchasing power standards. Luxembourg and Ireland led this ranking, recording per capita figures of 238.7 percent and 237.3 percent of the European Union average, respectively. Both figures are roughly 2.4 times higher than the European average.
Bulgaria and Greece recorded the lowest prosperity indicators in the bloc. Bulgaria registered 68.1 percent of the European Union average, while Greece stood at 68.4 percent.
Specific local economic structures influence per capita figures. Foreign companies make a substantial contribution to the gross domestic product of Ireland before sending profits to owners abroad. In Luxembourg, cross border workers travel daily to generate gross domestic product without being counted in official population statistics.
Economic performance in Ukraine
Ukraine recorded a nominal gross domestic product of 8.93 trillion hryvnias in 2025. The national economy grew by 1.8 percent over the course of the year.
