The participant of BBB 25 , Giovanna Jacobina sister of Gracyanne Barbosa drew attention online after his doctor shared the results of a orthognathic surgery . In the post made on Instagram in May last year, internet users commented on the transformation in her face after the procedure.
Orthognathic surgery is a procedure that corrects a deformity in the positioning of the dental arches , of the jaw and mandible . “This deformity is hereditary and often evolves from childhood and accompanies the person’s entire life”, explains José Roberto Barone, president of the Technical Chamber of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Regional Council of Dentistry of São Paulo (CROSP).
The specialist explains that the procedure interferes with the entire stomatognathic system, interfering with chewing, swallowing, the individual’s speech, and, often, self-esteem . “It is a fully functional surgery, with mandatory coverage by health plans and operators, but it also brings great aesthetic benefits, as patients have this deformity between the dental arches”, he states.
The surgery must be carried out in a surgical center, that is, in a hospital environment, under general anesthesia. Generally, the dental surgeon specializing in orthodontics is the professional responsible for diagnosing the dental arch formation anomaly, and the procedure must be carried out by a maxillofacial surgeon.
Benefits of orthognathic surgery
The benefits of orthognathic surgery include correction of occlusion [mordida] of the patient, leading to better chewing, swallowing, breathing and speaking.
“It is also important to socially reintegrate this patient, who is often psychologically weakened due to this deformity — sometimes it is very severe,” adds Barone.
Who should perform the surgery?
Orthognathic surgery is indicated for patients who have a forward or backward chin, but it can also be indicated for those with class 1 occlusion. [considerada a oclusão ideal com uma relação de molares adequada]but who have deformity of the jaw and jaw.
Furthermore, it may be indicated for patients with severe apnea. “Nowadays, it is recommended for bimaxillary advancement to open the patient’s breathing area, considerably improving obstructive sleep apnea,” explains Barone.
Pre and post-operative care
Before carrying out orthognathic surgery, the dental surgeon specializing in orthodontics will align and level the dental arches to allow the procedure to be performed with greater precision and success post-operatively.
In addition, the preoperative period includes pre-surgical evaluation, with blood and imaging tests, such as a chest x-ray and an electrocardiogram. After a thorough evaluation of these exams, surgery is performed.
“This orthodontist will carry out this preparation, and the patient must already be monitored by the surgeon [bucomaxilofacial]. This can take six months to a year. After the procedure, the patient returns to the orthodontist who will perform post-operative care”, explains Barone.
Postoperatively, care includes the use of specific medications and close monitoring with the oral and maxillofacial surgeon, and, later, with the orthodontist to complete the previous orthodontic treatment. “Currently, orthognathic surgery brings quick results. We have been able to reintegrate patients into their social life within a week, up to 15 days”, says the specialist.
What are the risks?
Like any surgical procedure, orthognathic surgery also presents some risks. “This is the case with the risk of anesthesia, but it is very small, as long as you carry out pre-operative exams properly”, he explains.
Specifically regarding the orthognathic procedure, one of the main risks is that of reintervention. “A poorly performed surgery can lead to the need for a new procedure. [No procedimento] We fix the fractures with plates and screws. Incorrect fractures can cause damage to the bone, can cause poor bone fixation and, consequently, lead to new surgical interventions. All of this must be explained to the patient before surgery”, warns Barone.
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This content was originally published on BBB25: understand the procedure carried out on the face of Giovanna, Gracyanne’s sister on the CNN Brasil website.
Source: CNN Brasil
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